File Storage System

Overview

Glyph’s storage system consists of:

Space Files - User-created markdown files in notes/
Assets - Content-addressed files in assets/ (SHA256 hash)
Cache - Derived data in cache/ (link previews, thumbnails)
Atomic Writes - Crash-safe file operations

Content-Addressed Storage

Why Content-Addressing?

Storing files by their SHA256 hash provides:

Deduplication - Same file stored once, even if used in 100 notes
Integrity - Hash mismatch = corrupted file
Immutability - Content can’t change without changing hash
Cache-friendly - Hash is permanent, perfect for CDNs

Implementation

src-tauri/src/notes/attachments.rs

use sha2::{Sha256, Digest};
use std::io;

pub fn attach_file(
  note_id: &str,
  source_path: &Path,
  space_root: &Path,
) -> Result<AttachmentResult, String> {
  // Read source file
  let mut file = File::open(source_path)
    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to open file: {}", e))?;
  
  // Compute SHA256 hash while reading
  let mut hasher = Sha256::new();
  let mut buffer = Vec::new();
  io::copy(&mut file, &mut hasher)?;
  let hash = hex::encode(hasher.finalize());
  
  // Get file extension
  let extension = source_path
    .extension()
    .and_then(|s| s.to_str())
    .unwrap_or("bin");
  
  // Asset filename: {hash}.{ext}
  let asset_name = format!("{}.{}", hash, extension);
  let asset_path = space_root.join("assets").join(&asset_name);
  
  // Only copy if not already exists (deduplication!)
  if !asset_path.exists() {
    fs::copy(source_path, &asset_path)
      .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to copy: {}", e))?;
  }
  
  // Generate markdown link (relative from note)
  let rel_path = relative_path(note_id, &format!("assets/{}", asset_name));
  let markdown = format!("![]({})", rel_path);
  
  Ok(AttachmentResult {
    asset_rel_path: format!("assets/{}", asset_name),
    markdown,
  })
}

Example

Frontend

// User attaches logo.png to notes/project/readme.md
const result = await invoke('note_attach_file', {
  note_id: 'notes/project/readme.md',
  source_path: '/Users/me/Downloads/logo.png'
});

// Returns:
// {
//   asset_rel_path: 'assets/a1b2c3d4e5f6...789.png',
//   markdown: '![](../../assets/a1b2c3d4e5f6...789.png)'
// }

// Markdown is inserted into editor at cursor
editor.commands.insertContent(result.markdown);

If the same logo.png is attached to 10 different notes, only one copy exists on disk.

Atomic Writes

The Problem

Naive file writes can corrupt data if:

App crashes mid-write
Disk full during write
Power loss during write

The Solution

Write to temp file → fsync → rename → fsync parent directory.

src-tauri/src/io_atomic.rs

use std::fs;
use std::io::{self, Write};
use std::path::Path;

pub fn write_atomic(path: &Path, contents: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()> {
  // 1. Write to temporary file in same directory
  let temp_path = path.with_extension("tmp");
  let mut file = fs::File::create(&temp_path)?;
  file.write_all(contents)?;
  
  // 2. Flush OS buffers to disk (critical!)
  file.sync_all()?;
  drop(file);
  
  // 3. Atomically rename temp to final path
  // This is atomic on all major filesystems (ext4, APFS, NTFS)
  fs::rename(&temp_path, path)?;
  
  // 4. Sync parent directory to persist rename
  if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
    let parent_file = fs::File::open(parent)?;
    parent_file.sync_all()?;
  }
  
  Ok(())
}

Usage

src-tauri/src/space_fs/read_write/text.rs

use crate::io_atomic::write_atomic;

#[tauri::command]
pub fn space_write_text(
  path: String,
  text: String,
  state: State<SpaceState>,
) -> Result<TextFileWriteResult, String> {
  let current = state.current.lock().unwrap();
  let space = current.as_ref().ok_or("No space open")?;
  
  let abs_path = paths::join_under(&space.root, &path)?;
  
  // Atomic write - crash-safe!
  write_atomic(&abs_path, text.as_bytes())
    .map_err(|e| format!("Write failed: {}", e))?;
  
  let metadata = fs::metadata(&abs_path)?;
  let mtime_ms = metadata.modified()?
    .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
    .unwrap()
    .as_millis() as u64;
  
  Ok(TextFileWriteResult {
    etag: format!("{}-{}", mtime_ms, metadata.len()),
    mtime_ms,
  })
}

Path Safety

Preventing Path Traversal

All user-provided paths are validated:

src-tauri/src/paths.rs

use std::path::{Path, PathBuf, Component};

pub fn join_under(base: &Path, rel: &str) -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
  // Normalize path by stripping ".." components
  let normalized = PathBuf::from(rel)
    .components()
    .filter(|c| !matches!(c, Component::ParentDir))
    .collect::<PathBuf>();
  
  let joined = base.join(&normalized);
  
  // Ensure result is still under base
  if !joined.starts_with(base) {
    return Err(format!(
      "Path traversal detected: '{}' escapes base '{}'",
      rel,
      base.display()
    ));
  }
  
  Ok(joined)
}

Examples

let base = PathBuf::from("/space");

// ✅ Safe paths
assert_eq!(
  join_under(&base, "notes/example.md"),
  Ok(PathBuf::from("/space/notes/example.md"))
);

assert_eq!(
  join_under(&base, "./notes/../assets/file.png"),
  Ok(PathBuf::from("/space/assets/file.png"))
);

// ❌ Rejected paths
assert!(join_under(&base, "../../../etc/passwd").is_err());
assert!(join_under(&base, "/absolute/path").is_err());

Cache System

Link Preview Cache

External link metadata is cached to avoid repeated fetching:

src-tauri/src/links/cache.rs

use std::time::SystemTime;

pub struct LinkCache {
  pub url: String,
  pub title: String,
  pub description: String,
  pub image_url: Option<String>,
  pub fetched_at: SystemTime,
}

pub fn cache_link_preview(
  space_root: &Path,
  url: &str,
  preview: &LinkPreview,
) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
  let cache_dir = space_root.join("cache").join("links");
  fs::create_dir_all(&cache_dir)?;
  
  // Hash URL to get cache filename
  let url_hash = sha256_str(url);
  let cache_file = cache_dir.join(format!("{}.json", url_hash));
  
  let json = serde_json::to_vec_pretty(preview)?;
  write_atomic(&cache_file, &json)?;
  
  Ok(())
}

pub fn read_cached_link(
  space_root: &Path,
  url: &str,
) -> Option<LinkPreview> {
  let cache_dir = space_root.join("cache").join("links");
  let url_hash = sha256_str(url);
  let cache_file = cache_dir.join(format!("{}.json", url_hash));
  
  if !cache_file.exists() {
    return None;
  }
  
  // Check if cache is stale (> 7 days)
  let metadata = fs::metadata(&cache_file).ok()?;
  let age = SystemTime::now()
    .duration_since(metadata.modified().ok()?)
    .ok()?;
  
  if age.as_secs() > 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 {
    return None; // Stale, re-fetch
  }
  
  let json = fs::read_to_string(&cache_file).ok()?;
  serde_json::from_str(&json).ok()
}

Space Structure Summary

my-space/
├── notes/                      # User files (version control this)
│   ├── daily/
│   │   └── 2024-03-15.md
│   ├── projects/
│   │   └── project-x.md
│   └── readme.md
│
├── assets/                     # Content-addressed (version control this)
│   ├── a1b2c3d4...789.png      # SHA256 hash
│   └── f4e5d6c7...012.pdf
│
├── cache/                      # Derived data (DO NOT version control)
│   ├── links/                  # Link preview JSON files
│   │   └── abc123.json
│   └── images/                 # Cached external images
│       └── xyz789.jpg
│
├── .glyph/                     # App data (DO NOT version control)
│   ├── index.db                # SQLite FTS index
│   ├── ai_history.db           # Chat history
│   └── profiles.json           # AI provider configs
│
└── space.json                  # Schema version (version control this)

.gitignore Recommendation

.gitignore

# Glyph derived data
.glyph/
cache/

# Keep notes and assets
!notes/
!assets/
!space.json

File Watching

Filesystem Watcher

src-tauri/src/space/watcher.rs

use notify::{RecommendedWatcher, RecursiveMode, Watcher, Event, EventKind};
use std::sync::mpsc::channel;

pub fn start_watcher(
  space_root: &Path,
  db: Arc<Mutex<Connection>>,
) -> Result<RecommendedWatcher, notify::Error> {
  let (tx, rx) = channel();
  
  let mut watcher = RecommendedWatcher::new(tx, Config::default())?;
  
  // Watch notes directory recursively
  watcher.watch(
    &space_root.join("notes"),
    RecursiveMode::Recursive
  )?;
  
  // Spawn event handler thread
  std::thread::spawn(move || {
    for event in rx {
      match event {
        Ok(Event { kind: EventKind::Modify(_), paths, .. }) => {
          for path in paths {
            if path.extension() == Some(OsStr::new("md")) {
              // Re-index modified note
              let db = db.lock().unwrap();
              let _ = indexer::reindex_file(&path, &db);
            }
          }
        }
        Ok(Event { kind: EventKind::Remove(_), paths, .. }) => {
          for path in paths {
            // Remove from index
            let db = db.lock().unwrap();
            let _ = indexer::delete_from_index(&path, &db);
          }
        }
        _ => {}
      }
    }
  });
  
  Ok(watcher)
}

Performance Considerations

Large Files

For files >10MB, use streaming instead of loading into memory:

pub fn hash_large_file(path: &Path) -> io::Result<String> {
  let file = File::open(path)?;
  let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);
  let mut hasher = Sha256::new();
  
  // Stream in 8KB chunks
  let mut buffer = [0u8; 8192];
  loop {
    let n = reader.read(&mut buffer)?;
    if n == 0 { break; }
    hasher.update(&buffer[..n]);
  }
  
  Ok(hex::encode(hasher.finalize()))
}

Batch Operations

Use database transactions for bulk inserts:

pub fn attach_multiple_files(
  files: &[PathBuf],
  db: &Connection,
) -> Result<Vec<AttachmentResult>, String> {
  let tx = db.transaction()?;
  let mut results = vec![];
  
  for file in files {
    let result = attach_file(file, &tx)?;
    results.push(result);
  }
  
  tx.commit()?;
  Ok(results)
}

Architecture

Building

Backend

Frontend

File Storage System

Overview

Content-Addressed Storage

Why Content-Addressing?

Implementation

Example

Atomic Writes

The Problem

The Solution

Usage

Path Safety

Preventing Path Traversal

Examples

Cache System

Link Preview Cache

Space Structure Summary

.gitignore Recommendation

File Watching

Filesystem Watcher

Performance Considerations

Large Files

Batch Operations

Next Steps

Tauri Commands

Components

​Overview

​Content-Addressed Storage

​Why Content-Addressing?

​Implementation

​Example

​Atomic Writes

​The Problem

​The Solution

​Usage

​Path Safety

​Preventing Path Traversal

​Examples

​Cache System

​Link Preview Cache

​Space Structure Summary

​.gitignore Recommendation

​File Watching

​Filesystem Watcher

​Performance Considerations

​Large Files

​Batch Operations

​Next Steps

Tauri Commands

Components

Overview

Content-Addressed Storage

Why Content-Addressing?

Implementation

Example

Atomic Writes

The Problem

The Solution

Usage

Path Safety

Preventing Path Traversal

Examples

Cache System

Link Preview Cache

Space Structure Summary

.gitignore Recommendation

File Watching

Filesystem Watcher

Performance Considerations

Large Files

Batch Operations

Next Steps